1. The September Issue of “The Peaceable Table” Is Online
2. Original Sin, part 7
3. This Week’s Sermon from Rev. Frank and Mary Hoffman
1. The September Issue of
“The Peaceable Table”
Is Online
Contents include:
Peace and healing to all--
Gracia Fay Ellwood, Editor
2. Original Sin, part 7
Last week, I discussed how conflicts over scarce resources divide
communities, and scapegoating unites communities. Universally, religions
offer stories, rituals, and taboos that help keep communities together. René
Girard argued that the scapegoating process underlies all myths, rituals,
and taboos, and scapegoating recurs when existing religious beliefs and
practices do not seem sufficient to manage crises.
Since so much scapegoating violence has been done by religious authorities,
such as the persecution of “witches” during the Middle Ages, secularists
have asserted that violence could be avoided if the populace were better
educated. Knowledge, understanding, and respectful communication could
resolve any conflicts that might arise. Meanwhile, enlightened individuals
would come to see natural disasters, epidemics, and other crises as
unfortunate events, not the work of angry gods or evil people casting
spells. Disasters might inspire the development of ways to mitigate harm,
and they would not prompt violence and scapegoating.
The Enlightenment fostered optimism, because many people were convinced that
knowledge could lead to widespread peace and well-being. This hopeful view
was largely obliterated by the two world wars. Indeed, even though Germany
was perhaps the most educated of all nations in the first half of the 20th
century, its Nazi regime was responsible for some of the greatest crimes of
history. Why has the Enlightenment failed to deliver on its promise of
peace? I think the answer largely relates to the original, perennial human
sin of scapegoating, which I will continue to explore next week.
Stephen R. Kaufman, M.D.
3. This Week’s Sermon from Rev. Frank and Mary
Hoffman
Blind Eyes, Deaf Ears